In 1961, Stanislaw Rozewicz created the novella film "Birth Certificate" in cooperation with his brother, Taduesz Rozewicz as screenwriter. Such brother tandems are rare in the history of film but aside from family ties, Stanislaw (born in 1924) and Taduesz (born in 1921) were mutually bound by their love for the cinema. They were born and grew up in Radomsk, a small town which had "its madmen and its saints" and most importanly, the "Kinema" cinema, as Stanislaw recalls: for him cinema is "heaven, the whole world, enchantment". Tadeusz says he considers cinema both a charming market stall and a mysterious temple. "All this savage land has always attracted and fascinated me," he says. "I am devoured by cinema and I devour cinema; I'm a cinema eater." But Taduesz Rozewicz, an eminent writer, admits this unique form of cooperation was a problem to him: "It is the presence of the other person not only in the process of writing, but at its very core, which is inserperable for me from absolute solitude." Some scenes the brothers wrote together; others were created by the writer himself, following discussions with the director. But from the perspective of time, it is "Birth Certificate", rather than "Echo" or "The Wicked Gate", that Taduesz describes as his most intimate film. This is understandable. The tradgey from September 1939 in Poland was for the Rozewicz brothers their personal "birth certificate". When working on the film, the director said "This time it is all about shaking off, getting rid of the psychological burden which the war was for all of us. ... Cooperation with my brother was in this case easier, as we share many war memories. We wanted to show to adult viewers a picture of war as seen by a child. ... In reality, it is the adults who created the real world of massacres. Children beheld the horrors coming back to life, exhumed from underneath the ground, overwhelming the earth."
The principle of composition of "Birth Certificate" is not obvious. When watching a novella film, we tend to think in terms of traditional theatre. We expect that a miniature story will finish with a sharp point; the three film novellas in Rozewicz's work lack this feature. We do not know what will be happen to the boy making his alone through the forest towards the end of "On the Road". We do not know whether in "Letter from the Camp", the help offered by the small heroes to a Soviet prisoner will rescue him from the unknown fate of his compatriots. The fate of the Jewish girl from "Drop of Blood" is also unclear. Will she keep her new impersonation as "Marysia Malinowska"? Or will the Nazis make her into a representative of the "Nordic race"? Those questions were asked by the director for a reason. He preceived war as chaos and perdition, and not as linear history that could be reflected in a plot. Although "Birth Certificate" is saturated with moral content, it does not aim to be a morality play. But with the immense pressure of reality, no varient of fate should be excluded. This approached can be compared wth Krzysztof Kieslowski's "Blind Chance" 25 years later, which pictured dramatic choices of a different era.
The film novella "On the Road" has a very sparing plot, but it drew special attention of the reviewers. The ominating overtone of the war films created by the Polish Film School at that time should be kept in mind. Mainly owing to Wajda, those films dealt with romantic heritage. They were permeated with pathos, bitterness, and irony. Rozewicz is an extraordinary artist. When narrating a story about a boy lost in a war zone, carrying some documents from the regiment office as if they were a treasure, the narrator in "On the Road" discovers rough prose where one should find poetry. And suddenly, the irrational touches this rather tame world. The boy, who until that moment resembled a Polish version of the Good Soldier Schweik, sets off, like Don Quixote, for his first and last battle. A critic described it as "an absurd gesture and someone else could surely use it to criticise the Polish style of dying. ... But the Rozewicz brothers do no accuse: they only compose an elegy for the picturesque peasant-soldier, probably the most important veteran of the Polish war of 1939-1945." "Birth Certificate" is not a lofty statement about national imponderabilia. The film reveals a plebeian perspective which Aleksander Jackieqicz once contrasted with those "lyrical lamentations" inherent in the Kordian tradition. However, a historical overview of Rozewicz's work shows that the distinctive style does not signify a fundamental difference in illustrating the Polish September. Just as the memorable scene from Wajda's "Lotna" was in fact an expression of desperation and distress, the same emotions permeate the final scene of "Birth Certificate". These are not ideological concepts, though once described as such and fervently debated, but rather psychological creations. In this specific case, observes Witold Zalewski, it is not about manifesting knightly pride, but about a gesture of a simple man who does not agree to be enslaved.
The novella "Drop of Blood" is, with Aleksander Ford's "Border Street", one of the first narrations of the fate of the Polish Jews during the Nazi occupation. The story about a girl literally looking for her place on earth has a dramatic dimension. Especially in the age of today's journalistic disputes, often manipulative, lacking in empathy and imbued with bad will, Rozewicz's story from the past shocks with its authenticity. The small herione of the story is the only one who survives a German raid on her family home. Physical survial does not, however, mean a return to normality. Her frightened departure from the rubbish dump that was her hideout lead her to a ruined apartment. Her walk around it is painful because still fresh signs of life are mixed with evidence of annihilation. Help is needed, but Mirka does not know anyone in the outside world. Her subsequent attempts express the state of the fugitive's spirits - from hope and faith, moving to doubt, a sense of oppression, and thickening fear, and finally to despair.
At the same time, the Jewish girl's search for refuge resembles the state of Polish society. The appearance of Mirka results in confusion, and later, trouble. This was already signalled by Rozewicz in an exceptional scene from "Letter from the Camp" in which the boy's neighbour, seeing a fugitive Russian soldier, retreats immediately, admitting that "Now, people worry only about themselves." Such embarassing excuses mask fear. During the occupation, no one feels safe. Neither social status not the aegis of a charity organisation protects against repression. We see the potential guardians of Mirka passing her back and forth among themselves. These are friendly hands but they cannot offer strong support. The story takes place on that thin line between solidarity and heroism. Solidarity arises spontaneously, but only some are capable of heroism. Help for the girl does not always result from compassion; sometimes it is based on past relations and personal ties (a neighbour of the doctor takes in the fugitive for a few days because of past friendship). Rozewicz portrays all of this in a subtle way; even the smallest gesture has significance. Take, for example, the conversation with a stranger on the train: short, as if jotted down on the margin, but so full of tension. And earlier, a peculiar examination of Polishness: the "Holy Father" prayer forced on Mirka by the village boys to check that she is not a Jew. Would not rising to the challenge mean a death sentance?
Viewed after many years, "Birth Certificate" discloses yet another quality that is not present in the works of the Polish School, but is prominent in later B-class war films. This is the picture of everyday life during the war and occupation outlined in the three novellas. It harmonises with the logic of speaking about "life after life". Small heroes of Rozewicz suddenly enter the reality of war, with no experience or scale with which to compare it. For them, the present is a natural extension of and at the same time a complete negation of the past. Consider the sleey small-town marketplace, through which armoured columns will shortly pass. Or meet the German motorcyclists, who look like aliens from outer space - a picture taken from an autopsy because this is how Stanislaw and Taduesz perceived the first Germans they ever met. Note the blurred silhouettes of people against a white wall who are being shot - at first they are shocking, but soon they will probably become a part of the grim landscape. In the city centre stands a prisoner camp on a sodden bog ("People perish likes flies; the bodies are transported during the night"); in the street the childern are running after a coal wagon to collect some precious pieces of fuel. There's a bustle around some food (a boy reproaches his younger brother's actions by singing: "The warrant officer's son is begging in front of the church? I'm going to tell mother!"); and the kitchen, which one evening becomes the proscenium of a real drama. And there are the symbols: a bar of chocolate forced upon a boy by a Wehrmacht soldier ("On the Road"); a pair of shoes belonging to Zbyszek's father which the boy spontaneously gives to a Russian fugitive; a priceless slice of bread, ground under the heel of a policeman in the guter ("Letters from the Camp"). As the director put it: "In every film, I communicate my own vision of the world and of the people. Only then the style follows, the defined way of experiencing things." In Birth Certificate, he adds, his approach was driven by the subject: "I attempted to create not only the texture of the document but also to add some poetic element. I know it is risky but as for the merger of documentation and poety, often hidden very deep, if only it manages to make its way onto the screen, it results in what can referred to as 'art'."
After 1945, there were numerous films created in Europe that dealt with war and children, including "Somewhere in Europe" ("Valahol Europaban", 1947 by Geza Radvanyi), "Shoeshine" ("Sciescia", 1946 by Vittorio de Sica), and "Childhood of Ivan" ("Iwanowo dietstwo" by Andriej Tarkowski). Yet there were fewer than one would expect. Pursuing a subject so imbued with sentimentalism requires stylistic disipline and a special ability to manage child actors. The author of "Birth Certificate" mastered both - and it was not by chance. Stanislaw Rozewicz was always the beneficent spirit of the film milieu; he could unite people around a common goal. He emanated peace and sensitivity, which flowed to his co-workers and pupils. A film, being a group work, necessitates some form of empathy - tuning in with others.
In a biographical documentary about Stanislaw Rozewicz entitled "Walking, Meeting" (1999 by Antoni Krauze), there is a beautiful scene when the director, after a few decades, meets Beata Barszczewska, who plays Mireczka in the novella "Drops of Blood". The woman falls into the arms of the elderly man. They are both moved. He wonders how many years have passed. She answers: "A few years. Not too many." And Rozewicz, with his characteristic smile says: "It is true. We spent this entire time together."
#艺联2021冬暖影展 糖水老爷爷那段好喜欢55
《外婆的蓝色铁皮柜轮椅》★★★★★“绵绵流淌的回忆” > 《哼将军和哈将军》★★★★“绝代双骄的逗趣” > 《萤火虫女孩》★★★“奇境梦幻的浪漫” > 《蒯老伯的糖水铺》★★★“暇意生活的甜蜜” > 《小火车》★★★“哀伤励志的隐喻” = 《翼娃子的星期天》★★★“民工家庭的温馨” > 《小兔的问题》★★“童真可爱的畅想”
最后一个故事“翼娃子的星期天”画风和故事比较亲切，让我想起去过的小店。年少不知愁，做完作业才可以找小朋友玩，然而我从小就是每天玩到天黑才恋恋不舍回家做作业。“哼将军和哈将军”也挺有特色。
感謝蒲蒲蘭和熊貓大大，終於在下著2022初雪的這天看上了中國首部原創繪本改編的動畫電影《向著明亮那方》。七個小故事或鬧騰，或溫柔，或幽默，或深刻，展現了國人的愛與美，也引發了我們對人情的思考，對家庭與愛的表達，對故人的追憶之情。希望今年除夕時分大家都能與家人團聚在一起，畢竟“家“裡總會有個人在問「到哪兒了？」
超喜欢《兔子的问题》，母女间一问一答的轻松形式，却有一种浓浓的情感。其实，每个妈妈都不想儿女长大离开家，即使嘴上说着你要去很远的地方，但心里依然希望孩子“别跑太远”。讲真，有泪目。
《小兔的问题》原作者-甘大勇、导演-兰茜雅：兔子会讲话却没画嘴；《萤火虫女孩》原作者-彭懿(文)&李海燕(图)、导演-李念泽；《小火车》原作者&导演-赵易：虽然画风不是我的菜，也有预测到剧情，但最后的段落还是有触动我的泪腺；《蒯老伯的糖水铺》原作者-冯云(文)&蒋玉娟(图)、导演-俞昆；《哼将军和哈将军》原作者-杨海林(文)&林豆子工作室(图)、导演-刘高翔：画风最令我惊喜的一个动画短片；《外婆的蓝色铁皮柜轮椅》原作&导演-刘毛宁：没想到《我和吸铁石和一个死去的朋友》的创作者也贡献了一部新作品，惊喜一下；《翼娃子的星期天》原作者-刘洵、导演-陈晨：故事还不错，但动画效果（如动作流畅度）却不太满意；片头+串联+片尾：导演-孙璐。
七部绘本串联起一首淳朴的童谣，故乡和童年在回忆里荡着。讲故事的人扎根在泥土里，枝叶却伸向远方，在钢筋水泥攀爬。稚嫩又青涩的电影语言，却有呼兰河传的温润质感。亲情是甜蜜的负担，让我们在沉重里泛起温暖。
从家人们的反应上看前两个更适合小朋友，后三个成年人获得感触的同时孩子也会觉得生动。是挺好的家庭片。
画风很好，故事很暖。强烈建议带着孩子看。
这是我近几年看过的最具有“戏剧性”的电影！
……
有两位父亲的十几岁少年制作了一部有关双亲的纪录片，却不料离奇的情节开始在他的家中真实上演。
独立动画的商业尝试很不容易，能有本土故事风格多样的作者动画在银幕上呈现给更多人就是种很好的突破，更喜欢小火车、铁皮柜和翼娃子”。
家庭的基础是爱，而非血缘。
七岁女儿喜欢，我也喜欢。她的前三名：哼将军和哈将军、翼娃子的星期天、小兔的问题。我的前三名：蒯老伯的糖水铺、翼娃子的星期天、小兔的问题。画风各有特色…
爱时用力爱，恨时用力恨。最后还是为了孩子，对孩子才是真爱！
整体还不错。我觉得婚姻的话，要分类讨论，有的时候是两个人的错，有的时候是一个人的错。有的时候是两个人的问题有的时候是一个人的问题。我觉得电影里面两个人都存在问题（婚姻是需要维系的。一旦似乎就会有漏洞。)，但只有出轨的那一个人错了。已经出轨两年了。没有感觉了，可以说。然后就可以再见。(如果是我的话，跟我说我是可以接受，但是你骗我，而且还骗了两年，我是不可以接受的。)
这一切显然当然你知道，只是你掩盖你忽视还强词夺理说这只是结果。 我去你妈的吧，出轨之前为何不敢坦言相待？垃圾。
好温暖，有一颗童心的人，善良的人都会喜欢的电影。会想起自己的小时候，真好的动画电影。七个小故事都特别生动，中国的动画电影，加油加油
超出预期，每个故事都很独特，后两个故事太深刻了。
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